Plunger mechanism for testing machines



Feb..-20, 1923.

w; DIIILA'IBATT- ET L PLUNGER MECHANISM FOR TESTING MACH! Patented Feb.20, 1923.

UNITED STATES I v 1,445,9 4 ATE OFF E" WILLIAM 13. La nn'r'r AND HANSsENeEBusoH, OF CHICAGO, IniiI or's, AssrGNoRs 'ro sLIsHA J. oAnY, or OAKPARK, 'rLnrNoIs.

PLUNGER MECHANISM r03 'rns'T-INe MACHINES.

Application filed November 18, 1921 Serial No. 516,032

To all whom it may concern: I a

Be it known that we, VILLIAM D. LA BATT and HANs SENGEBUSOH, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, having jointly invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Plunger Mechanism for Testing Machines, do hereby declare that-thefollowing is a full, clear, andeXac-t description of the same, referencebeing bad to'the accompanying drawings. a r l The invention relates tomachines for testing fabrics, such as paper and paper board, and itsobject is to provide meansfor governing the length of stroke of theplunger by which the liquid is compressed against the elastic diaphragmwhich transmits the pressure to the stock being tested. i

In machines of the type in which the strain of a body of liquid underpressure by a plunger is exerted against an elastic diaphragmtransmitting the pressure in a transverse direction againstaconfined'section or area of the stock it is desirable and advantageousto give the plunger a-rela'tively long travel or stroke when testingspongy fabrics, such as cellularv and multiple p-ly paper board, and arelatively short stroke when testing solids, such as ordinary paperboard. Our invention consists in the matters hereinafter described andthen pointed out'in the appended claims by which these results areattained in the same machine so that one ma tion of a testingmachine-equipped with our Fig. 3 is a detail View.

invention, the'part's beingarra'nged to give a maximum stroke to theplunger; Fig. '2 1s-a similar view withthe parts arranged to give themimimum stroke to the plunger, and

In the drawings the reference numeral 1 represents the liquid chamber ofthe machine, and 2 a cylinder communicating with the chamber in anysuitable manner and centrally bored throughout its length, with anupturned vertical branch'3 having a central open passage 4 which isclosed by the dia-. phragm 5 of elastic material held thereon by athreaded cap 6 which also forms a stocksupporting platform, the capbeing provided with a central opening in line with the bore of thebranch 3 and having a bell-mouth somewhat larger than the bore. Theliquid chamberalso receivesa pipe 7 in extension of its interior andcommunicatingwith an indicating and registering gage 8 subjectto andoperated by the pressure of the liquid in I the chamber and indicatingthe pressure'by its pointer on its dial in pounds and fractions thereofin the usual manner-L One of the wallsof'the chamber is provided with a'in the chamber andits upper end being in the path of a spiral cam 11.The upper end of the plunger is provided with an anti-friction roller 12whose shaft 13 is laterally extended at one side to form an arm whichcarries at its outer end a head 14 supporting a slide rod 15 disposedparallel withthe plunger and reciprocating in a well or bore 16in thebearing 9 adjacent the bore for the plungeim A coiled "spring 17surrounds the rod and reacts between the 'head 14 and a shoulder 18 nearthe lower end of the well 16 when it is-put under compression by thedownward stroke of the plunger. The slide rod 15'is provided near'itslower end with a notch 19 which registers with an opening 20 in the wallof the bearing 9, and a pawl '21 is pivotally mounted at 22 in theopening 20 in such position that when it hangs by gravity it is locatedentirely in the opening and its free enddoes not lieiag'a'inst the rodorenter the notch 19 as shown in Fig. 1. A springarm 23-isslidablymounted. on-a screw 24 on the side 'ofthe bearing 9 above theopening 20,and its lower end 'is curved to enter the opening and bearupon the pawl, the arm being provided with a handle 25 to move engagedordisengaged with the notch in the slide rod 15'as it travels with thepressure it up and down to causethe'pawl to lie either a 1 plunger." Thepawl ispreferably provided notchwvith-whichthe end of the arm 23,

engages when the latter is lowered and'holds the pawl in the notch of,the slide-rod. The

spring holds the pawl engaged or disengaged withthe slide-rod.

When the parts are arranged as shown in Fig. l-the spring 17 retractsthe plunger to position for a full or maximum stroke and holds itnormally against the lower surface of the spiral cam and with its lowerend withdrawn from the liquid in the chamber, so that upon actuation ofthe cam the plunger makes its full'or maximum stroke. When the parts arearranged as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the spring retracts the plunger untilthe pawl engages its notch to hold it in position for a partial orminimum. stroke, its lower end then being partly in the liquid and itsupper end being normally out of contact with the lower surface of thespiral cam but adapted to be operated by the rise thereof. By thisconstruction the plunger l0 is given either a maximum stroke as in Fig."1, or a minimum stroke as in Fig. 2. In the former case the long. strokeof the plunger enables the machine to make both thecrushing test and thepop or rupture test on spongy materials, such as multiple ply paperboard, and in the latter case its short stroke is sufiicient to make thepop or .rupture test on solids such as ordinary, paper board. r I

"We claim:

1. In a. testing machine, a liquid chamber having an aperture, anexpansible diaphragm closing the aperture, a plunger constructed toreciprocate in the chamber, means to: retract the plunger .foritsmaximum stroke, means to limit the retraction of the plunger for itsminimumstroke, and means to operate the. plunger to impart pressure tothe liquid in both its retracted positions. 1 I

. 2. In a testing machine, a liquid chamber having an. aperture, anexpansible diaphragm closing the aperture, a spring-retracted plungerconstructed to reciprocate in the chamber, means to control the extentof retractionof the plunger, and meansto operate theplungerqa-gainst-.its spring to impart pressure to the liquid.

1 3. In a testing machine, a liquid chamber having an aperture, anexpansible dia-- phragm closing the aperture, aispring-retracteidplunger constructed to reciprocate in the chamber, pawl mechanism tocontrol the'eXte11t ofv retraction of the plunger, and means to operatethe plunger against its spring toimpart pressure to the liquid;

t In a testing. machine, a liquid chamber having anaperture, aneXp-ansible, dia-' phragm closing the aperture, a spring-re tractedplunger constructedto reciprocate in against its spring to impartpressure to the liquid.

5. In a testing machine, a liquid chamber having an aperture, anexpansible diaphragm closing the aperture, a bearing having-a parallelwell and bore, a plunger in the bore, a rod connected to the plunger andreciprocating in the well, a spiral spring reacting between the ,rod andWell to retract the plunger inits bore, a notch in the rod, a pawlconstructed to engage and disengage the notch, and means constructed toactuate the .plungertoimpart pressure to the liquid in eitherpositionofthe pawl. I

6. In a testing machine, a liquid-chamber having an aperture, anexpansible diaphragm closing the aperture, a bearing havinga well andbore, a, plunger inthe bore,

bore, a rod connected to the plunger andreciprocating in the well, aspiral spring reactin vbetween' the rod and well to retract the plungerin its bore, a notch inthe rod, 2. spring-pressed pawlconstructed toengage and disengage the notch, and a spiral cam constructed to actuatethe plunger. to impart pressure to'the liquid in either position of thepawl. I

8. In a testing. machine, a liquid chamber having an aperture, anexpansible diaphragm closing the aperture, a bearing having aparallelwell and bore, a plunger in the bore, a rodconnected to the plunger andreciprocating in the well, a spiral spring reacting betweenv the rod andwell to retract the plunger in its bore, a notch in the rod,

a pawl constructed to engage and disengage the notch, -a-sliding spring.constructed to hold the-pawl in either of said positions, and meansconstructedto actuate the plunger in either position of the pawltoimpart pressureto the liquid. r I

In testimony whereofwe affix our signarules,

WILLIAM D. LA BATT.

, HANS SENGEBUSCH.

